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士鋒生物猴子干細(xì)胞可刺激腦細(xì)胞生長
點(diǎn)擊次數(shù)：944 發(fā)布時(shí)間：2014-2-8
牙髓干細(xì)胞是存在于牙髓組織中的一種成體干細(xì)胞，可分化形成多種細(xì)胞類型。醫(yī)學(xué)研究認(rèn)為，牙髓干細(xì)胞具有重要的治療潛力。此前，牙髓干細(xì)胞已應(yīng)用于牙齒和顱面細(xì)胞的再生。研究小組說，他們的新研究結(jié)果表明，牙髓干細(xì)胞將來有望應(yīng)用于細(xì)胞療法和再生醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域，尤其是治療與中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)相關(guān)的一些疾病。
研究小組還指出，牙髓干細(xì)胞提取方便，醫(yī)生可以十分方便地從患者牙齒中分離出牙髓干細(xì)胞。因此，他們認(rèn)為可嘗試設(shè)立牙髓干細(xì)胞“銀行”，人們一旦患病，就可以提取自己事先保存的牙髓干細(xì)胞用于治療。自體干細(xì)胞治療可大大降低目前移植醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域常見的細(xì)胞排異反應(yīng)。
接下來，該研究小組還計(jì)劃進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，從患有亨廷頓?。ㄒ环N遺傳性腦病）猴子的牙齒中提取牙髓干細(xì)胞，觀察患病猴子的牙髓干細(xì)胞是否也能像健康猴子的牙髓干細(xì)胞那樣刺激大腦細(xì)胞發(fā)育。
Stem Cells Vol. 26 No. 10 October 2008, pp. 2654 -2663
Putative Dental Pulp-Derived Stem/Stromal Cells Promote Proliferation and Differentiation of Endogenous Neural Cells in the Hippocampus of mice
Anderson Hsien-Cheng Huanga,b, Brooke R. Snyderc,g, Pei-Hsun Chengc, Anthony W.S. Chancf
aGrace Dental Clinic, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan;
bDepartment of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;
cYerkes National Primate Research Center,
dDepartment of Human Genetics,
eGenetics and Molecular Biology Program, and
fNeuroscience Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;
gCenter for Gene Therapy, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
Until now, interest in dental pulp stem/stromal cell (DPSC) research has centered on mineralization and tooth repair. Beginning a new paradigm in DPSC research, we grafted undifferentiated, untreated DPSCs into the hippocampus of immune-suppressed mice. The rhesus DPSC (rDPSC) line used was established from the dental pulp of rhesus macaques and found to be similar to human bone marrow/mesenchymal stem cells, which express Nanog, Rex-1, Oct-4, and various cell surface antigens, and have multipotent differentiation capability. Implantation of rDPSCs into the hippocampus of mice stimulated proliferation of endogenous neural cells and resulted in the recruitment of pre-existing Nestin+ neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and β-tubulin-III+ mature neurons to the site of the graft. Additionally, many cells born during the first 7 days after implantation proliferated, forming NPCs and neurons, and, to a lesser extent, underwent astrogliosis, forming astrocytes and microglia, by 30 days after implantation. Although the DPSC graft itself was short term, it had long-term effects by promoting growth factor signaling. Implantation of DPSCs enhanced the expression of ciliary neurotrophic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor for up to 30 days after implantation. In conclusion, grafting rDPSCs promotes proliferation, cell recruitment, and maturation of endogenous stem/progenitor cells by modulating the local microenvironment. Our results suggest that DPSCs have a valuable, unique therapeuticpotential, specifically as a stimulator and modulator of the local repair response in the central nervous system. DPSCs would be a preferable cell source for therapy due to the possibility of a "personalized" stem cell, avoiding the problems associated with host immune rejection.